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Top Wildlife Photography Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

Wildlife photography is one of the most rewarding yet challenging genres of photography. Unlike studio or street photography, the subjects wild animals cannot be controlled or posed. Each moment is unpredictable, and the photographer must be prepared to capture fleeting glimpses of life in its rawest form. While the thrill of wildlife photography is undeniable, it also comes with a steep learning curve. Even experienced photographers make mistakes that can compromise their shots, the safety of the animals, or their own experience in the wild. By understanding these mistakes and learning how to avoid them, photographers can elevate their craft and create images that resonate with both beauty and authenticity.

Lack of Research and Preparation

Many photographers, especially beginners, make the mistake of heading into the field without proper preparation. Wildlife does not follow a schedule; each species has unique habits, feeding routines, and seasonal patterns. Entering a location without knowledge of these factors can result in frustration, missed opportunities, or even disturbance to the animals.

For instance, photographing tigers in India’s Jim Corbett National Park requires knowing their active hours—typically early morning and late evening. Ignorance of these patterns can leave a photographer standing for hours without any sighting. Similarly, bird photographers in the wetlands of Bharatpur must be aware of migratory patterns to capture rare species.

How to Avoid It:
Research is key. Consult field guides, watch documentaries, and connect with local wildlife experts to understand the behaviour and habitats of your subjects. Use maps and online resources to scout locations ahead of time. Planning also extends to checking weather forecasts, packing suitable clothing, and ensuring you have the necessary gear for the conditions. Preparation transforms a chaotic shoot into a purposeful expedition.

Using the Wrong Equipment

Wildlife photography requires specialised equipment. Many photographers underestimate the importance of lens choice, camera settings, and accessories. For instance, using a standard 50mm lens may be perfect for landscapes, but it is often inadequate for capturing a distant leopard or a soaring eagle.

How to Avoid It:
Invest in telephoto lenses, ideally in the 300mm to 600mm range, depending on the type of wildlife you are photographing. Cameras with fast autofocus, high burst rates, and excellent low-light performance are invaluable. Accessories like sturdy tripods, bean bags for stability, and remote triggers can make a significant difference in capturing sharp, composed shots. Always familiarise yourself with your gear before heading into the field—there is no time to read the manual when a tiger steps into view.

Ignoring Lighting Conditions

Lighting is a cornerstone of photography, and wildlife photography is no exception. Many photographers neglect the role of natural light, resulting in flat or poorly exposed images. Harsh midday sunlight can wash out colours and cast unflattering shadows, while low light without proper adjustments can create blurred, grainy shots.

How to Avoid It:
Aim to shoot during the golden hours—shortly after sunrise or before sunset—when light is soft, warm, and directional. Overcast days can provide even, diffused light, ideal for capturing details without harsh shadows. Learn to read natural light, anticipate how it will interact with your subject, and adjust your camera settings for optimal exposure. Sometimes, subtle shifts in position or angle can transform an ordinary shot into a spectacular one.

Disturbing the Wildlife

One of the most common and potentially harmful mistakes is disturbing animals to get a better shot. Approaching too closely, making noise, or startling an animal not only risks your photograph, but can also stress the animal or trigger defensive behaviour.

How to Avoid It:
Maintain a respectful distance at all times. Telephoto lenses allow you to capture intimate details without encroaching on the animal’s space. Move slowly, wear muted clothing, and minimise noise. Understanding animal behaviour can help anticipate movements without interference. For example, knowing that elephants have a keen sense of hearing and smell can help you stay hidden while observing them from a safe distance.

Poor Composition

Even technically perfect photographs can fail if the composition is weak. Common mistakes include placing the subject dead centre, ignoring background distractions, or failing to consider natural lines and framing. A cluttered background can distract viewers from the main subject, reducing the impact of the image.

How to Avoid It:
Use compositional techniques like the rule of thirds, leading lines, and natural framing. Position your subject against uncluttered backgrounds whenever possible. Experiment with angles and perspectives—sometimes getting lower to the ground or shooting from a higher vantage point adds depth and interest. Take multiple shots and vary your compositions; creativity often comes from experimentation.

Overlooking the Importance of Patience

Wildlife photography is not a hobby for the impatient. Animals are unpredictable, and moments of action may only last a few seconds. Many photographers give up too early, moving on without capturing the decisive moment.

How to Avoid It:
Develop patience and immerse yourself in the environment. Spend time observing animals without the camera first. Learn their routines and anticipate behaviours. Some of the most iconic wildlife images—like the snow leopard staring through the Himalayan mist or the bald eagle swooping over a frozen lake—result from hours of quiet observation and waiting. Remember, patience is a skill as much as it is a virtue in wildlife photography.

Ignoring Post-Processing Techniques

A raw image straight from the camera often lacks the polish needed for publication or portfolio presentation. Many photographers make the mistake of underestimating the power of post-processing. Subtle adjustments can enhance the story without compromising authenticity.

How to Avoid It:
Learn to use editing tools such as Lightroom or Photoshop to adjust exposure, contrast, and colour balance. Crop images to improve framing, reduce noise in low-light shots, and sharpen details for clarity. Post-processing should enhance the image, not overtake it—keeping it natural ensures the photograph remains true to the wildlife moment.

Failing to Focus Properly

Capturing a moving subject is one of the most technically challenging aspects of wildlife photography. Misfocused images are a frequent source of frustration, especially when photographing birds in flight or running predators.

How to Avoid It:
Use single-point autofocus for precision or continuous focus for moving subjects. Back-button focusing can give you greater control. Anticipate movement and pre-focus on areas where the subject is likely to appear. Practice tracking motion to ensure the camera locks on the right point consistently. Sharpness is often what separates an amateur shot from a professional one.

9. Not Understanding Animal Behaviour

A deep understanding of animal behaviour can dramatically improve wildlife photography. Misinterpreting cues can result in missed shots or unsafe encounters. For example, a crouching tiger may signal a hunting stance, while a bird puffing up its feathers may indicate distress.

How to Avoid It:
Spend time observing your subjects before attempting to photograph them. Note how they interact with each other, their environment, and potential threats. This knowledge allows you to predict movements and capture authentic, expressive moments. The more you understand your subject, the more compelling your images will be.

Lack of Backup and Organisation

After a long day of shooting, nothing is worse than losing your photographs due to insufficient storage or poor organisation. Wildlife photography often involves capturing hundreds or even thousands of images in a single outing.

How to Avoid It:
Carry extra memory cards and external storage devices. Immediately organise images by location, species, and date. Backing up files to multiple sources ensures your work is safe and makes it easier to review, edit, and build a portfolio. Good organisation also allows you to track your progress and refine techniques over time.

Focusing Only on Popular Subjects

Many wildlife photographers chase iconic animals like lions, tigers, or eagles, ignoring the smaller, lesser-known creatures that are equally fascinating. This narrow focus can limit creativity and variety in a portfolio.

How to Avoid It:
Explore macro photography, insects, reptiles, and smaller mammals. Sometimes the most captivating stories lie in the unnoticed aspects of nature—a butterfly resting on a leaf, a chameleon blending into its surroundings, or ants working collectively. These moments often require patience and keen observation but reward the photographer with unique images.

Neglecting Safety

Wildlife photography can be physically demanding and sometimes dangerous. Harsh terrain, extreme weather, and unpredictable animals pose real risks. Many photographers overlook these hazards in pursuit of the perfect shot.

How to Avoid It:
Prioritise your safety at all times. Carry a first-aid kit, communicate your location, and adhere to park or reserve regulations. Avoid unnecessary risks, and never compromise safety for a photograph. Being cautious not only protects you, but ensures that wildlife is also not endangered by your presence.

Real-Life Anecdotes and Lessons

Professional wildlife photographers often emphasise that mistakes are part of the learning process. National Geographic photographer Paul Nicklen once shared how he spent two weeks tracking polar bears, only to miss the perfect shot because of a focus error. The experience, however, taught him to anticipate the animals’ movements and improved his future work. Similarly, photographer Cristina Mittermeier recalls countless mornings spent observing birds in Mexico, where hours of patience yielded extraordinary compositions that a rushed approach never could have achieved. These stories highlight that wildlife photography is as much about observation, patience, and learning as it is about equipment.

Practical Tips for Beginners

Start Small: Begin with local wildlife or birds before tackling large predators.
Learn From Others: Attend workshops, watch tutorials, and study wildlife photography portfolios.
Practice Patience: Set aside long hours to observe and wait for action.
Experiment: Try different angles, lenses, and camera settings to discover your style.
Respect Nature: Ethical photography ensures animals remain undisturbed and habitats protected.

Wildlife photography is a journey of constant learning and self-improvement. Mistakes are inevitable, but each one offers an opportunity to refine techniques, understand subjects better, and deepen your connection to nature. By researching thoroughly, respecting your subjects, mastering your gear, and cultivating patience, photographers can create images that capture not just animals, but the stories and spirit of the wild.

Photographing Marine Wildlife 101

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Marine wildlife is among the most fascinating yet challenging subjects a photographer can take on. From seabirds gliding over the horizon to dolphins breaching the surface, or the mesmerising underwater ballet of manta rays and coral reef inhabitants, every encounter offers both artistic and technical hurdles. Mastering the craft of capturing life above and below the waves requires preparation, respect for the environment, and a good balance between skill and patience.

1. Preparation: Know Your Environment

Before even picking up the camera, study the ecosystem you’re entering.

Research animal behaviour: Learn when turtles nest, when whales migrate, or when seabirds feed. Timing your trip with these natural rhythms increases your chances of sightings.

Respect regulations: Marine protected areas often have strict rules about approaching wildlife. Stay updated and follow them closely.
Gear checks: Saltwater is brutal on equipment. Carry protective housings, silica gel packs, hydration vests and additional distilled water to rinse gear with after shooting.

2. Overwater Photography

Marine wildlife isn’t always underwater—some of the most dramatic shots happen at or above the surface. Photographing over water comes with its own unique set of challenges. Unlike land-based shoots, you are often on a moving platform—a rocking boat, a kayak, or even the shoreline with shifting tides. This constant motion means you need to balance stability, anticipation, and quick reflexes.

Lighting is another factor to consider. The surface of the ocean reflects sunlight in unpredictable ways, creating glare and contrast issues that can wash out your subject or obscure details. Morning and late afternoon light often work best, providing softer tones and reducing harsh reflections. Weather conditions also play a critical role: calm seas provide mirror-like surfaces for reflections of birds or marine mammals, while rougher conditions can add drama, with crashing waves and spray enhancing the sense of power in your image.

Animal behaviour is often fleeting and these moments happen quickly and rarely repeat in exactly the same way, so observation and patience are crucial. Keeping a keen eye on the horizon, watching for surface disturbances like ripples or bait balls, and being ready with your camera at all times significantly improve your chances of capturing that perfect split-second action.

Overwater photography also presents a creative opportunity to play with perspective. Positioning yourself at a lower angle close to the waterline can make subjects appear larger-than-life, while higher vantage points from cliffs or ships help you tell the story of the animal in relation to its vast oceanic environment. By combining patience, technical skill, and a sensitivity to the environment, photographers can create overwater images that are as dramatic and captivating as those shot beneath the surface.

Recommended Gear

Telephoto lenses (300mm+): Essential for capturing whales, dolphins, or seabirds without disturbing them.
Stabilization: A tripod topped with a gimbal head helps counteract rocking boats.
Polarizing filters: Reduce glare and improve contrast on the water’s surface.

Techniques:

Anticipate movement: Dolphins and whales rarely breach twice in the same spot. Watch for cues like ripples or bird activity that hint at action.
Use fast shutter speeds: To freeze splashes or birds in flight, work at 1/1000 sec or faster.
Framing with the horizon: Keep horizons straight to maintain balance in compositions.

3. Underwater Photography

Taking the plunge opens a completely new dimension. Light behaves differently, colours fade quickly, and movement is three-dimensional.

Unlike shooting from land or boats, underwater photography requires not only technical camera skills, but also strong swimming or diving ability. The ocean is a constantly shifting environment, and success depends on your comfort and confidence beneath the surface. Good buoyancy control, efficient finning, and calm breathing are as important as shutter speed or aperture settings—without them, your shots will be shaky, poorly framed, or full of disturbed sediment.

Diving practice is essential. Scuba divers and free divers alike need to build the ability to hold position without harming fragile corals, stirring up sand, or startling marine life. The better your control in the water, the more opportunities you’ll have to get close to subjects without intrusion. A nervous or poorly trained swimmer will spend more energy fighting currents and adjusting gear than actually taking photographs.

Light also behaves very differently underwater. Within just a few metres, reds and oranges fade, leaving your images overwhelmingly blue or green unless you compensate. Photographers need to master both artificial lighting (strobes, torches) and natural light positioning to restore the vibrancy of marine life. Currents, visibility, and depth changes can further complicate shooting conditions, which is why diving fitness, situational awareness, and patience are just as critical as knowing your exposure triangle.

Underwater photography also asks you to become part of the ecosystem rather than an observer from a distance. Animals often approach when you remain still, calm, and non-threatening. Training yourself to hover silently in the water column not only improves your safety, but also encourages more natural interactions with marine wildlife. When you combine strong aquatic skills with photographic knowledge, your images will carry a sense of intimacy and fluidity that can’t be achieved from above the surface.

Recommended Gear

Underwater housing: A robust, pressure-rated casing specific to your camera.
Wide-angle lenses: Crucial for large subjects like manta rays or schools of fish.
Strobes/lights: Artificial lighting restores colour lost at depth (reds vanish after just 5–10 metres).

Techniques

Buoyancy control: Perfect buoyancy ensures steady shots without disturbing the seabed or animals.
Close approach: Water reduces clarity; the closer you get (ethically), the sharper and more vibrant your images.
Manual white balance: Adjust settings to counteract blue/green colour cast when shooting without strobes. Just like with most of our tips, always shoot RAW alongside JPEG to get the most amount of flexibility in your images.

4. Safety First

Regardless of over or under water, remember that you’re entering their ecosystem, so respect and boundaries are of paramount importance.

For you: For surface photography, secure gear with straps and avoid leaning dangerously from boats.

Underwater, never push your limits. Watch your air, depth, and currents.

For them: Never chase, touch, or feed marine wildlife. Ethical photography means letting animals behave naturally.

5. Storytelling with Marine Photography

The best images don’t just show animals; they tell stories about life in the ocean. Remember, the animals and their environments you’ll capture not only tell the story of the present, but also stories of the past, spanning millions of years.

Capture interactions: A mother and calf whale, predator-prey dynamics, or a turtle surrounded by cleaner fish.

Include environment: Wide shots that show coral reefs, kelp forests, or open ocean convey scale and context.

Highlight conservation: Use your work to raise awareness about pollution, climate change, or endangered species.

Ready to Dive In?

Marine wildlife photography blends adventure, patience, and respect for nature. Overwater, it challenges you to deal with distance and unpredictability. Underwater, it demands technical mastery and calm composure. But the rewards – a breaching whale against a sunset, a sea turtle gliding effortlessly through turquoise waters, or the surreal glow of plankton at night – are unlike any other genre.

Whether you’re just starting with a zoom lens from shore or diving into the depths with full underwater rigs, remember: the ocean is both a subject and a partner. Treat it with respect, and it will offer endless photographic treasures.

Travelling The World’s Gullies – Shreepad Gaonkar

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Shreepad Gaonkar was an avid cricketer when he picked up a camera for the first time to document his journey and, later on, a tournament. What has transpired since then, is an inspiring spectacle, as he’s travelled over 34 countries, working with various tourism boards. Asian Photography spoke to him about ethical and responsible travel photography, bucket shots, challenges and more. Excerpts:

What inspired you to take up travel photography?

Ever since I was a kid, I was into cricket, which I played for over 18 years throughout school, university, club and corporate cricket. I completed my B.Sc. IT degree and later did a Sports Management degree working for six years in IPL as an Operation Manager across 11 cricket stadiums in India. I was playing club cricket in Mumbai, organising grassroot cricket tournaments, coaching under 14 kids and also working in IPL & ISL at the age of 22. This indirectly introduced me to documenting my travels on the phone over the years until one day I realised that I was good at it and people started appreciating it on social media. Eventually, I ended up borrowing my friend’s DSLR just to understand what a camera is, how to operate, what settings to set, etc. My hunger grew with every small thing I loved about the camera, which led me to my first official shoot for a cricket tournament — capturing a T20 match at DY Patil stadium, which would also open my doors for travel. So my passion for cricket and my curiosity for documenting and travelling made me get into photography.

What are some of the biggest challenges you face as a travel photographer? Have these changed over the years?

Firstly, I believe travel photography/cinematography is not everyone’s cup of tea, I have seen the best DOPs struggle when it comes to a guerrilla shooting or a “run & gun” travel shoot which has challenges that come out of nowhere. You have to adapt to situations and luckily, my previous work culture from managing IPL and major leagues and handling immense pressure 24×7 really made me tough mentally. Now, when I have challenges, I always look at it as with my management brains rather than me being a photographer. Some of the biggest challenges I face is while taking drone shots in India, the process is really way long to ideally secure aerial permissions as compared to other countries. I have been to 34 countries and the process to get the permits overseas is much easier even for a beginner or a tourist than taking permissions in India, that really hurts.

How do you balance travelling light while still having the right equipment?

I honestly film a lot more than photography, but I travel with just a couple of lenses, and right now, using a Sony A7S3. The process is to have variable lenses with a combination of a prime either 35mm or a 50mm. I prefer filming handheld more than using a gimbal, as handheld gives you more natural and dynamic perspective. I add one drone, usually my Mavic Air 2s which is lighter than newer drones and this specific drone has travelled with me to 26 countries, so it works out to be the best for me. Also over the years, I’ve realised that you actually don’t need a dozen equipment when you travel as long as you are clear of what you want as the end output. I film as per the edit, as I edit myself, so when I am on ground filming I have an advantage of choosing what I want to shoot and how the film ought to look like.

Over the years, has the story behind the shot taken a backseat over aesthetics?

Yes, the audience and the brands I work with at times are very specific with what they want rather than what inputs I can give as an artist. I believe a lot of photographers and videographers will agree with this – oftentimes, we like to keep a raw and natural touch to the art with minimal post-production, but the focus has been shifting on the other side nowadays. When working for a lot of tourism boards, I always suggest to film in the natural environment with more focus on candid moments. This really brings out the best visuals, which looks more natural and real rather than appearing staged. Yes, aesthetics are important, but It’s a superb feeling to make a non-fiction as a fiction, the clients really like it, and it brings out the story really well.

Has the advent of “Instagram photography” influenced how you shoot pictures?

I’ve been on Instagram since 2013 and a lot has changed over the past 11 years. I would say it has played a critical role in my career, as it really shaped my thought process over the years. In a way, yes, it influenced me in a lot of ways. It inspired me to make content whether it is reels, carousel, stories and put forth my perspective to the world. Eventually adapting to the world and blending my style with it, but the intent was always learning something new and less focus on the numbers and followers. A lot of my colleagues appreciate my work and mention that I should have a million followers, but I always stick to the quality of the content rather than just the quantity. As I firmly believe that what matters the most for me is I do justice with my perspective and the final output, rest will follow.

Is there a place you keep returning to because of its photographic appeal?

Filming and capturing the Ganpati festival in Mumbai and Lalbaug. Wherever I am in the world, I make sure I never miss filming Ganeshotsav. I have been following this ritual for 10 years, and have made three official YouTube songs, countless reels and some epic memories. I have learned more on the streets of Lalbaug than anywhere in the world. The Lalbaug chaos helped me shape myself as a multitasker as you have very limited time to do everything — photos, videos, flying a drone, video editing and then coming back home to craft the entire thing.

What are your thoughts on ethical travel photography?

We should be ethical in general in everything we do. The discipline, the passion, the values I learned on the cricket field has taken me places. Being a sportsperson, I’ve always had a certain way of approach in doing things and I implemented them on & off the field – which indirectly helped me reach where I am. Not that I have achieved a lot, I am still learning. Respecting people, culture, different environments is an integral part of travel photography/videography. For instance, I always try to communicate to people if I badly want a portrait or If I see some unique character on the streets I take their consent before filming, and how do I do it? I just give a smile if they greet back, then start the conversation. It works at times and if it doesn’t, I simply say “it’s alright, no worries”. Moreover, we should always be careful of what environment we are filming in. For instance, I was filming for Israel Tourism at Dead Sea and I had the official permission to fly the drone for one hour, but I only flew for 10 minutes to get the overall vibe, considering the border issues. So being proactive but what environment we are filming is really very important.

With over-tourism being a growing issue, how do you practice responsible travel photography?

Yes, it’s a matter of concern. We should be mindful of what we do, there are creators who will risk everything to take photos and videos just for views and numbers, but we ought to think about other outcomes too. Another practice is we should try to film during the non-peak hours especially if we are filming in different countries so it doesn’t disturb or create unnecessary hassle. Highlights should be on the culture, history, and the story, not just the aesthetics.

Where do you see the future of travel photography going?

The future of travel photography is evolving fast, influenced by technology. We should thrive for more authentic content, immersive story telling capturing the real essence of the place. I am really super impressed by the immersive videos made for Apple Vision Pro and really looking forward to getting into that, which is the next step of making interactive videos using the VR and 360 gear.

Do you have a bucket shot?

Yes, I do have a bunch of them. Having travelled in over 34 countries, I wish to at least do 190 in this lifetime. Last year I was in Lapland in Finland and I saw the Northern lights for the first time, but that was like just for 10 minutes, and in that time, I just captured a couple of shots. I really hope to do it again and capture a time lapse of the Northern Lights and an aerial shot of me with the active volcanoes in Iceland.

The Art of Capturing Expeditions – Alex Stead

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Alex Stead is a professional photographer known for capturing breathtaking landscapes, adventurous expeditions, and dynamic lifestyle imagery. With over a decade of experience, his work spans from the Arctic to the deserts, blending storytelling with stunning visuals. He has collaborated with global brands and tourism boards, crafting compelling narratives that inspire wanderlust. He also has a deep passion for wildlife and remote expeditions. Asian Photography caught up to him to talk about his background, storytelling, expeditions, and the evolution of travel photography.

Do you remember the first photo you ever took that made you think, “This is what I want to do”?

Growing up, I’ve always wanted to be a photographer, but I didn’t really know that it could be a proper career or that I could make a living out of it. I spent a lot of my childhood wandering London with my camera, capturing the city. In 2012, it was the Olympics which were being held in London, and we’d managed to get a few tickets to some events. One of which was the Men’s 200 Meter with Usain Bolt, and we luckily had pretty good seats. So as a 15-year-old with a big lens I had borrowed, I managed to get some great photos of the event. While I’d know for a while that I wanted to be a photographer, this gave me great confidence that it could be something I could achieve. Even though I never went into sports photography, I tried all areas of photography before finding travel, lifestyle and automotive which is mostly what I do today.

How do you decide what stories to tell through your photography?
When deciding what stories to tell through my photography, I consider several factors. I think about what resonates personally with me and what stories I want to convey. This could be an intriguing destination or a theme that has caught my interest. I also reflect on the relevance of the story to my audience or the client, looking for topics that might inspire or evoke a strong response. Additionally, I consider the visual elements available, such as lighting, composition, and colour, ensuring they can effectively communicate the intended narrative. I also want to explore as much of the world as I can, so I look for intriguing places which I’d like to capture.

What’s the hardest thing to capture in travel photography that people might not realise?
I think travel photography in general is all quite hard and easy at the same time. It’s very easy most of the time to travel to a country and take a photo, like a lot of normal tourists do. However, it’s a very different and challenging job to capture a location in a way which grabs someone’s attention on the front of a website or a magazine. It’s hard to always create captivating images when it’s not always ideal conditions, so your creativity always has to be switched on to the max at every location. To make sure you get the most captivating photo, the best composition, you are in the right place for the best light which could only last a few seconds.

I think overall as a travel photographer you have to master so many photography skills and environments. For example, I could be one week in Antarctica and the next in the desert, so I very much learnt over the years how to work in different environments and that’s something which people don’t realise is hard. How you have to adapt your photography skills to the environment very quickly. Not to mention how physically hard sometimes photography can be, I usually carry about 15KG of camera gear. Perhaps more if I need big lenses for wildlife.

How do you choose your next destination to photograph?
Most of the time the places I end up aren’t down to me, but it’s down to my paying clients. Of course, I spend a lot of my time pitching projects or ideas to clients, however the creative teams in their agencies or the brand HQ make the decision where a project will happen. That said, I love to have more personal projects where I reach out to tourism boards or brands in certain countries and put together a project there. In the future, I want to spend a lot more time in the Arctic and the Antarctica regions exploring, so I’ve been pitching ideas to expedition companies.

I also love capturing wildlife, so I’m constantly pitching ideas around that, however there isn’t a huge amount of income from wildlife photography, so these are mostly personal projects.

Do you travel with a plan in mind, or do you let spontaneity guide your photography?
I always do a lot of research before going on a trip, I really want to get to know the places I’m going before I set off. I spend a lot of time on Google Maps and street view understanding the environment. Especially if I’m shooting for a client, we have a lot of locations and ideas in mind, so we are on the same page about what we are producing. That said, things don’t always go to plan, or you find a hidden gem which didn’t come up in your research, so it’s good to be spontaneous at times and see where it takes me. When on location we always try to find a good local guide and that really helps us get the most out of the trips I do. I love going to countries where you can self drive and explore though. Places like New Zealand have been one of my favourites to go to as you can just road trip and explore with being spontaneous.

What do you do when things don’t go according to plan?
I’ve learned over the years how to be very adaptable and embrace change quickly. Before a trip I do a lot of research on the places I’m going and always have a backup plans if things go wrong. A lot of the time on travel projects we don’t book accommodation till the same day and change our itinerary constantly with the weather.

Of course, this is not always possible in more remote areas, however it certainly helps to be as adaptable as possible. Sometimes, even with all of this, you don’t always get the most ideal conditions for the photos you imagined creating at that location. However, with a lot of my work if the weather is “bad” I lean into the more interesting weather. I think as a travel photographer you learn quickly to shoot in all weather, lighting, and environment conditions. Within that, looking for more interesting compositions, for example.

What’s one piece of gear you can’t live without?
For me, I use a polarizer in a lot of my work, so this is something which I couldn’t live without. A polarizer reduces reflections and glare, intensifies colours, and darkens skies. I think it’s a great way of improving your daytime work and making the light less harsh.

How do you see travel photography evolving in the next decade?
It’s hard to say where I think travel photography is going, however the changes I’ve seen in my 10+ years of doing this, travel photography is evolving a lot more into short format video. With the rise of social media, 9×16 video is highly popular, so I see a lot of photographers including myself adapting to this medium and telling stories through this. One thing I really hope stops is the rise of AI-generated travel content. However I see this growing and growing sadly to a point where we can’t tell what is real and what is fake.

What’s your best photo till now and the story behind it?
I don’t think I can say I have one “best photo”, however one I took about six years ago really still stands out to me. I was in Iceland on a long term project for a company and was watching sunset at the iconic black sand beach lookout. It was I believe late April/ early May so was coming towards puffin season, however so far on the trip and the hours being at this view point we hadn’t seen them. However, as it got closer to sunset, they came out and were diving off the cliff to go fishing. I noticed two puffins coming together quite often so I laid down and slowly moved closer trying not to disturb them. I also changed lenses to a much wider one, most people shoot puffins with a 70-200 mm, but for this I’d got a 14-24 mm to try to capture the sunset and landscape.

What’s one thing you wish you knew before you started?

I wish I knew a lot more about the business side of photography. It’s not an easy industry, and actually 80% of my time is spent behind a desk running the business side of things.

Photography Trends in 2025

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With our magazine celebrating its 38^th Anniversary this month, January also marks the start of a new year – a time when we explore the trends that we believe will shape the photography world in 2025. Since the beginning of this journey, photography has evolved phenomenally, and each year brings surprises and innovations. Here are some of the trends that we anticipate will make a significant impact in 2025.

By Bhavya Desai

AI-Assisted Editing

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has firmly embedded itself in photography workflows, with tools like generative fill taking center stage. AI-assisted editing software now enables creators to modify, extend, or reimagine their images with precision and speed. Whether it’s removing unwanted elements, enhancing backgrounds, or creating entirely new compositions, AI tools are empowering photographers to focus on their artistic vision while handling complex edits effortlessly.

Tech influencer MKBHD recently showcased a platform like this in one of his videos, highlighting its potential for content creators and drawbacks too. Such advancements hint at a future where AI-driven creativity might become mainstream.

Bold Colours

2025 is all about bold, unapologetic colours. From vivid reds and blues to electric yellows and greens, photographers are embracing a more striking colour palette to make their work stand out. This trend reflects a global appetite for visual storytelling that captures attention in an oversaturated digital landscape.

Vintage Nostalgia

Despite the onslaught of bold colours vintage aesthetic remains timeless, but 2025 is seeing a reinvention of the old-school charm. Film grain, sepia tones and retro-inspired filters are making a resurgence, offering a sense of nostalgia while blending seamlessly with modern themes. Photographers are leveraging this trend to evoke emotion and connect audiences with a sense of history.

High-Key Videos

As platforms like Netflix and other streaming giants invest in high-key visuals, photographers and videographers are adopting this trend in their projects. High-key videos, characterized by bright lighting and minimal shadows, offer a clean and polished look that’s perfect for brand campaigns, fashion shoots, and even social media content. Shows like Selling Sunsets on Netflix are good examples of this, but it’s safe to say that we still don’t see this coming to YouTube video content anytime soon.

Inclusive Photography

Representation matters more than ever. Inclusive photography is gaining momentum, showcasing diverse models, cultures and body types. Photographers are making conscious efforts to break stereotypes and celebrate individuality, ensuring their portfolios resonate with audiences worldwide.

Authenticity

While conversations still surround the fake Instagram-able life, today is all about authenticity. Gone are the days of overly staged portraits where photographers aim to capture genuine emotions and candid moments. This trend focuses on human connections, raw emotions and storytelling that feels real and relatable.

Drones Are Out

While drones revolutionized aerial photography and were used extensively even in 2024, their novelty has started to wear off – in the conventional sense. 2025 sees a shift towards grounded creativity, with photographers exploring unique angles and perspectives closer to the subject. This trend encourages innovation in composition without relying on aerial gimmicks and perspectives like FVP etc will be more visible in 2025.

Vertical Photography

The dominance of mobile content has made vertical photography a staple – since the past few years. However, this year photographers are designing their shots with vertical formats in mind, ensuring their work aligns seamlessly with the viewing habits of audiences on platforms like Instagram Reels, TikTok, and YouTube Shorts. And this is in line with the brand strategies of today.

Advanced Printing Technologies

Printing is experiencing a renaissance with advancements in 3D printing and high-resolution inkjet technologies. Photographers are experimenting with textured photographs and prints that offer a tactile experience. This trend is redefining how we interact with visual art in physical spaces and in many ways also bringing print back.

Intentional Camera Movement

Intentional Camera Movement (ICM) is capturing imaginations in 2025. This artistic technique involves moving the camera during exposure to create abstract, painterly effects. It’s a favourite among fine art photographers looking to infuse their work with emotion and dynamism. You can also see that more and more in wedding styles and fashion. It took off in 2024 and still will continue as a key style in 2025 as well.

Camera Control button

iPhone started it and it seems that more manufacturers might jump onto the bandwagon. Oppo also featured it in the Find X8 Pro and I feel more manufacturers might introduce it in their products in 2025. How much of that feature will be usable is still up for debate.

Photography in 2025 will be a blend of technology, artistry and cultural consciousness. By staying ahead of these trends, photographers can continue to innovate and inspire in an ever-changing creative landscape.

April 2024

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Cover by Sean Dalton 📷

In this issue read:

~ Voyage From Vision to Discovery – Sean Dalton

~ From Local Trails to Golabl Tales – Ganesh Bagal

~ From Drawing Boards to Composing Frames – Hegde Arun

~ A Comprehensive Guide for Indian Photographers Embarking on International Sojourns

~ A Photographer’s Guide to Cost-Effective Travel in India

~ How to be a Travel Photographer in Your Own City

~ Fujifilm Instax PAL Review

Photography and Dance: Tips for capturing moments and traditions in India

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Photography, at its core, is about capturing moments. When those moments involve the dynamic and vibrant movements of dance, especially within the rich cultural tapestry of India, the challenge becomes as thrilling as it is complex. Indian dance is a vivid expression of life, embodying tradition, emotion, and storytelling. As a photographer, whether you’re a beginner or at an intermediate level, capturing the essence of Indian dance requires a blend of technical skill, cultural understanding, and creative vision. This comprehensive guide will take you through essential tips and strategies for photographing dance in India, ensuring you can convey the beauty and energy of these traditions through your lens.

Understanding Indian dance

Before diving into the technical aspects of photography, it’s crucial to have a grasp of what you’re capturing. Indian dance is an umbrella term that encompasses a variety of classical and folk dances, each with its own unique style, costumes, and music. The classical forms include Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Kathakali, Manipuri, Odissi, Kuchipudi, and Mohiniyattam, while folk dances feature Bhangra, Garba, Dandiya, and many others. Each dance form tells a story, often rooted in mythology, religion, or social and cultural practices.

1. Research and Respect

Research: Before you photograph any dance form, take the time to understand its origins, significance, and unique elements. This knowledge will not only help you anticipate movements and moments, but also ensure you approach your photography with the respect and sensitivity these cultural expressions deserve.

Respect: Show respect for the dancers and their art. Always ask for permission before photographing rehearsals or performances, especially in more traditional settings. Understanding and adhering to cultural norms and etiquettes is paramount.

2. Technical preparation

Camera Settings: Dance photography often requires fast shutter speeds to freeze motion (1/200th of a second or faster), a higher ISO to compensate for low light conditions without introducing too much noise, and a wide aperture (low f-number) to allow more light into the camera. However, these settings can vary based on the lighting and the effect you want to achieve.

Lenses: A fast lens (f/2.8 or wider) is ideal. A zoom lens (24-70mm or 70-200mm) can be incredibly versatile, allowing you to capture both wide scenes and close-up expressions without intruding on the performance space.

Lighting: Natural light is preferable, but not always available, especially in indoor performances. Understand the lighting conditions of the venue beforehand and plan accordingly. If using artificial lighting, ensure it’s subtle and does not disrupt the performance or audience.

3. Composition and Framing

Capturing movement: Experiment with both freezing movements and using slower shutter speeds to create motion blur, conveying the dynamism of the dance.

Angles and Perspectives: Try different angles to capture the essence of the dance. Low angles can emphasise the grandeur and elevation of the dancers, while high angles can provide an overview of the formations and patterns.

Background and Context: Be mindful of the background. A cluttered background can distract from the subject. If you cannot change your position, use a wider aperture to blur the background. Including elements of the venue or audience can add context and atmosphere to your shots.

4. Emotional connection and Storytelling

Facial expressions and Emotions: Indian dance is rich in facial expressions that convey the narrative of the dance. Focus on capturing these expressions, as they are key to the story being told.

Moments and Details: Look for the subtle moments – a glance, the tension in a hand, the intricate footwork. These details often tell as much of the story as the broader scene.

5. Cultural sensitivity and Ethical considerations

While capturing the vibrancy and excitement of Indian dance, it’s essential to navigate the space with cultural sensitivity and ethical considerations. Ensure that your presence as a photographer does not disrupt the sanctity of the performance or the experience of the audience. Be mindful of the moments you choose to capture, ensuring they are respectful and accurately represent the art form.

6. Post-Processing

Post-processing is an integral part of dance photography, allowing you to fine-tune the lighting, contrast, and colours of your images. However, maintain the authenticity of the moment and the integrity of the dance form. Avoid over-processing to the point where the image no longer represents the reality of the performance.

7. Engaging with the Community

Engage with the dance community. Share your photos with the dancers and choreographers, and seek feedback. This not only helps build relationships, but also provides insights into how you can better capture their art. Additionally, understanding the stories behind the dances can deepen your appreciation and improve your photographic narrative.

8. Continuous shooting and anticipation

Anticipation: Dance is about rhythm and predictability. By understanding the rhythm of the dance, you can anticipate moments before they happen, positioning yourself and adjusting your settings ahead of time.

Continuous shooting: Use your camera’s continuous shooting mode (burst mode) to capture sequences of movements. This increases your chances of capturing the peak action or the perfect expression, especially in fast-paced performances.

9. Use of Monochrome to highlight emotion

Monochrome Photography: Sometimes, colour can be a distraction, or you may want to emphasise emotion, texture, and contrast. In such cases, consider shooting in black and white. Monochrome can add a timeless quality to your images and focus attention on the subject’s emotion and form.

10. Experimenting with Silhouettes and Shadows

Silhouettes and Shadows: Experiment with backlighting to create silhouettes of dancers, highlighting the shapes and forms of their movements. Shadows cast by dancers can also add an artistic and dramatic element to your photographs, creating a sense of mystery and intrigue.

11. The importance of Rehearsal Photography

Rehearsal Shoots: Attending rehearsals offers a unique opportunity to capture the raw, unpolished moments of dance preparation. It also allows you to experiment with angles, settings, and compositions without the pressure of a live performance. Rehearsal photography can capture the dedication and hard work behind the scenes, adding depth to your dance photography portfolio.

12. Incorporating environmental elements

Environmental context: Especially with outdoor performances or in traditional settings, incorporating environmental elements can add context and a sense of place to your photographs. The surroundings can tell a story about the culture, the people, and the origin of the dance form.

13. Focus on costumes and accessories

Costumes and Accessories: Indian dance costumes are often vibrant, detailed, and an integral part of the dance narrative. Pay attention to capturing the textures, colours, and movements of costumes and accessories, as they add a significant visual element to your photographs.

14. Legal and Ethical Considerations for Publishing

Permissions and Rights: Before publishing or sharing photographs, especially for commercial use, ensure you have the necessary permissions from the performers and organisers. Be aware of copyright laws and respect the intellectual property rights of the dancers and choreographers.

15. Building a Narrative Series

Narrative Series: Instead of standalone shots, consider building a series of images that together tell a story. This could be the progression of a dance, behind-the-scenes preparations, or a thematic series that explores a particular aspect of the dance tradition. A narrative series can provide a more profound insight into the subject matter and engage your audience on a deeper level.

Mastering the art of dance photography, particularly within the diverse and rich cultural landscape of India, is a journey of continuous learning and adaptation. Each of the points highlighted in this guide serves as a stepping stone towards capturing the essence, emotion, and beauty of Indian dance. As you grow in your craft, remember that the heart of photography lies in observation, connection, and storytelling. Embrace each opportunity to photograph dance as a chance to explore the intricate blend of movement, tradition, and culture, always striving to do justice to the art form and its practitioners.

– Sanchit Mishra